- AMCAP Journal of Media and Communication Studies, Vol # 1, Issue # 1
- Freedom of Expression vs. Hate Speech – An Ethical Dilemma
Freedom of Expression vs. Hate Speech – An Ethical Dilemma
- Sumera Batool/
- February 10, 2021
Keywords
The controversies on intolerance for others and differences of opinions have raised a question for deep understanding of the clash on the narrative of claiming freedom of expression and exercising hate speech against others . This dilemma needs to be addressed by legal and ethical considerations. The media, specifically social media, is such a platform that brings the consumers on a common board by providing the avenues of expression and raising the voices and issues of marginalized communities or groups. The power of social media is realized by providing immediate and high level of interactivity to the users, whereas the practices and usage of social media is questionable in this regard. The articulation of hatred against the targeted communities with the cover of freedom of expression is considerably important to discuss. The hate speech endangers the rights of the targeted ones. This paper attempts to draw the working narratives of freedom of expression and hate speech, to document the growth of legal framework for freedom of expression and hate speech, to focus on the ethical framework for the social media users. This paper argues for the need of collective and shared responsibility from the three stakeholders; state, media and individuals.
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How to cite
Batool, S. (2022). Freedom of Expression vs. Hate Speech – An Ethical Dilemma. Journal of Media and Communication Studies, 1(1), 66–72. https://jmcs.amcap.net/website/journal/article/60218f03ea253/page
Retrieved from https://jmcs.amcap.net/website/journal/article/60218f03ea253/page
More citation formats
- ACM SIG Proceedings
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[1]Batool, S. 2022. Freedom of Expression vs. Hate Speech – An Ethical Dilemma. Journal of Media and Communication Studies. 1, 1 (Apr. 2022), 66–72.
- ACS Nano
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(1)Batool, S. Freedom of Expression Vs. Hate Speech – An Ethical Dilemma. Journal of Media and Communication Studies 2022, 1 (1), 66–72.
- ABNT
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BATOOL, Sumera. Freedom of Expression vs. Hate Speech – An Ethical Dilemma. Journal of Media and Communication Studies, v. 1, n. 1, p. 66–72, 6 Apr.2022.
- Chicago (author-date)
- Harvard (Cite Them Right)
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Batool, S. (2022) “Freedom of Expression vs. Hate Speech – An Ethical Dilemma”, Journal of Media and Communication Studies, 1(1), pp. 66–72. Available at: https://jmcs.amcap.net/website/journal/article/60218f03ea253/page (Accessed: 12 May 2026).
- IEEE
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[1]S. Batool, “Freedom of Expression vs. Hate Speech – An Ethical Dilemma”, Journal of Media and Communication Studies, vol. 1, no. 1, pp. 66–72, Apr. 2022, Accessed: May 12, 2026. [Online]. Available: https://jmcs.amcap.net/website/journal/article/60218f03ea253/page
- MLA
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Batool, Sumera. “Freedom of Expression Vs. Hate Speech – An Ethical Dilemma”. Journal of Media and Communication Studies, vol. 1, no. 1, Apr. 2022, pp. 66–72, https://jmcs.amcap.net/website/journal/article/60218f03ea253/page.
- Turabian (full note bibliography)
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Batool, Sumera. “Freedom of Expression Vs. Hate Speech – An Ethical Dilemma”. Journal of Media and Communication Studies 1, no. 1 (April 6, 2022): 66–72. Accessed May 12, 2026. https://jmcs.amcap.net/website/journal/article/60218f03ea253/page.
- Vancouver
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1.Batool S. Freedom of Expression vs. Hate Speech – An Ethical Dilemma. Journal of Media and Communication Studies [Internet]. 2022 Apr. 6 [cited 2026 May 12];1(1):66–72. Available from: https://jmcs.amcap.net/website/journal/article/60218f03ea253/page
- AMA
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1.Batool S. Freedom of Expression vs. Hate Speech – An Ethical Dilemma. Journal of Media and Communication Studies. 2022;1(1):66–72. Accessed May 12, 2026. https://jmcs.amcap.net/website/journal/article/60218f03ea253/page
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Author(s):
Sumera Batool
AuthorAssociate Professor, Department of Mass Communication, Lahore College for Women University, Lahore, Pakistan
Pakistan
- sumerabatoolnaqvi@yahoo.com
Details:
| Type: | Article |
| Volume: | 1 |
| Issue: | 1 |
| Language: | English |
| Id: | 60218f03ea253 |
| Pages | 66 - 72 |
| Published | February 10, 2021 |
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